The International Rule of Law: Rise or Decline?
Chapter Title: The BRICS as ‘Rising Powers’ and the Development of International Law
Book Title: The International Rule of Law: Rise or Decline?
Author of Chapter: Aniruddha Rajput
Publication Year: 2019
Publisher: Oxford University Press
This chapter examines the role of the BRICS countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa) as ‘rising powers’ and their influence on the development of international law. It argues that focusing on these countries provides a useful lens to understand the current state of international law and the dynamics of global governance.
The chapter highlights how shifts in the relative power of states have historically influenced international legal norms. Following the Cold War, the United States emerged as the dominant actor in shaping international institutions and law. However, the global crises of 2008 marked a decline in U.S. influence, creating opportunities for rising powers like the BRICS to engage more actively in international norm-setting.
Key points of the chapter include:Rising Powers and International Law: BRICS are identified as emerging actors with growing economic, political, and diplomatic influence, capable of shaping international legal frameworks. Transitional Nature of International Law: International law is portrayed as being in a phase of transition, where traditional Western dominance is weakening, and new participants are increasingly influential. Participation in Norms and Institutions: The BRICS countries are actively involved in shaping legal norms and international institutions, contributing both quantitatively (greater participation) and qualitatively (new approaches and perspectives). Implications for the Future: Their engagement suggests potential for a more multipolar, inclusive, and diversified international legal order, reflecting perspectives and interests beyond the traditional Western-centric model.
The chapter concludes that the activities of BRICS and other rising powers indicate both qualitative and quantitative progress in international law, and while the current state may appear uncertain, it also presents an opportunity for renewal and evolution.
